Enterprise workflows orchestrate critical business operations, from customer onboarding to complex financial transactions. As processes grow increasingly sophisticated, the ability to design scalable workflows handling parallel processing through split-join operations has become essential. This article explores best practices for architecting workflows that maintain performance, reliability, and maintainability at scale. Understanding […]
Opinion
Articles, blogs and Columns
JAAC and the Future of Azad Kashmir: Reform, Responsibility, and Pakistan’s Enduring Commitment
Massive dissatisfaction with the political system in the scenic valleys of Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK) led to the emergence of a socio-political movement that has grown in popularity and raised political consciousness in the area. The Joint Awami Action Committee (JAAC) was established as a representative body to advocate […]
Fake News and Disinformation: Emerging Cybersecurity Threats
“Fake news” refers to fabricated information that imitates legitimate news media in form, but not in intent or process. Unlike reputable journalism, fake news sources lack established editorial standards and fact-checking protocols that ensure accuracy and credibility. Fake news overlaps with two related concepts: (Source: David M. J. Lazer et […]
Pakistan’s Internet Crisis Exposes a Fragile Digital Backbone Amid Global Connectivity Woes
While Pakistan continues to struggle with persistent internet slowdowns and connectivity degradation, the world’s largest cloud infrastructure, Amazon Web Services (AWS), also faced a global outage this week — underlining a deeper truth: the world’s internet, from Silicon Valley to Islamabad, rests on fragile digital foundations. Pakistan’s Internet Feels Like […]
Pakistan’s PakSat-1R Nears End of Life as Services Migrate to PakSat-MM1
Pakistan’s long-serving communications satellite, PakSat-1R, is approaching the end of its operational life, prompting a gradual transition of television and data services to the newly launched PakSat-MM1 (also called PakSat-MM1R). Background: PakSat-1R’s Service Legacy PakSat-1R was launched in August 2011 using China’s Long March 3B/E rocket and placed at 38° […]
Bangladesh’s July Revolution: How the Youth Are Reshaping Democracy
Picture Dhaka in the heat of July—the air thick with tension, streets humming with restless footsteps, and young voices echoing through every alleyway. What began as frustration over injustice turned into something much larger: a youth-led revolution rewriting the meaning of democracy in Bangladesh. To make sense of this uprising, […]
Cognitive Enterprise Communication: A Strategic Roadmap for AI-Driven Business Interaction Ecosystems
The enterprise communication landscape is on the brink of a profound architectural shift. Within this decade, organizations will transition from static, template-based systems to cognitive communication ecosystems—frameworks that predict, adapt, and optimize interactions in real time. Currently, most Customer Communication Management (CCM) platforms rely on automation templates that react to […]




